Some Web sites of interest and relevance to Physics 731

Fall 2007

General:

Highlights from Simulations for Solid State Physics

Periodic table, with extensive information about each element inc. links to crystal structure data etc., nice visualization option with Jmol

Colorful periodic table, with many sorting options

Package crw.solid

Metals without electrons: exotic quantum fluids (Lee & Schofield chapter)

Sorting categories for March 2008 APS Meeting (for comparison with Table of Contents of Ashcroft & Mermin!)

Structures of Simple Inorganic Solids, extensive lecture notes by Dr S.J. Heyes, Oxford, with many nice figures

Intro to SSP at U. of Delaware

Condensed Matter Physics at Valparaiso U. (advanced UG level)

Semiconductor Applet Service at U. of Buffalo

Lattice Structures:

X-ray crystallography course, C.L.B. Macdonald, U. of Windsor

NRL's compendium of crystal structure convenient, complete, visualization option, awesome

Pictures of common crystal lattices (from BALSAC)

Crystal systems, in the context of minerals, physical characteristics of minerals ; alternative

Survey of structures

Neutron-based results, extensive links to databases (from ILL, Grenoble)

Gallery of high-Tc superconducting copper oxides (by S. Weber)

SiC, example of stacking sequences

AT&T Labs catalog of lattices, extensive and often technical

Quasitiler 3.0, for constructing quasicrystals in 2-D, with good references

Quasicrystal blurb by Cornell group

Research at Iowa State on quasicrystal surfaces, with references

Fibonacci chain, part of introduction to quasicrystals

Discovery of stable binary quasicrystals (Physics Today)

Manual for BALSAC, software for visualizing various surface structures; available (see instructor)

Authoritative information on nomenclature for crystal families and Bravais-lattice types

Java applet re screw axis

NZ "vision test" part of Geometry Junkyard

Definition of Symmetry Elements in Space Groups and Point Groups (meaty, authoritative)

Brief summary of crystal systems and Miller indices (from mineralogy class)

Notes on Symmetry in Crystallography from Univ. of Oklahoma (inc. extinctions)

Glide reflections

What Are Martensites?

Steffen Weber homepage (applets on structure, some on reciprocal lattice; many nice, some jam in downloading; seemingly no longer supported)

Structure viewer by Steffen Weber

Crystal shape viewer by Steffen Weber

Nanoscience atlas

TiO2 structures inc. rutile and ways to view rutile

Structure of fullerenes

Nanotubes made simple -- single wall nanotubes (SWNT) , with downloadables

Nanotube creater, by Steffen Weber

VRML gallery of nanotubes, inc. chiral, by Steffen Weber

Defects in Crystals (online book--outstanding and free--by H. Föll, also available in downloadable pdf) --esp. § 5.1.1

Reciprocal Lattices:

Tutorial on reciprocal lattices, somewhat pedestrian but nice animations

IUCr "pamphlet" on reciprocal lattices (with tensor notation)

Crystal diffraction, with nice 2d diagram

Laue diffraction, Steffen Weber applet

Bragg's law

Detailed description of Ewald construction (click on inset grid for step-by-step)

Ewald construction for a surface or 2D lattice

Summary of diffraction, nice treatment

ReciprOgraph, an impressive applet from EPFL to calculate the intensities of any substance diffracted by x-rays. Does crystals and powders and shows in-phase plane.

Steffen Weber's Java Structure Viewer

Adjustable 2D lattice with 2-atom basis, and its reciprocal (inc. intensity variations) excellent, succinct, versatile alternative site

"Interactive Structure Factor Tutorial"

Description of XrayView, software package tutorial about x-ray diffraction, for use with Silicon Graphics computers

Collection of sites related to neutron scattering

Diffraction techniques overview

M. Van Hove's surface/interface theory site: software page

Chemical aspects, bonds:

"Structures of simple inorganic solids" (S.J. Heyes, Oxford U., Inorganic Chem.)

Structure, bonds, forces, useful tables (B.S. Mitchell, Tulane U.)

Simple (perhaps too much so) discussion of covalent bonds via tunneling

Covalent bonds, correcting common misconceptions, by F. Rioux (Distilled version, omitting QM of bond, from Chemical Educator; original source: J. C. Slater, J. Chem. Phys. 1, 687 (1933)!)

Evjen method: illustration for NaCl

Succinct summary of Ewald summation method from Franz J. Vesely's course Introduction to Computational Physics

Universal binding curve (details for metals, from condensed matter to nuclear)

Lattice Vibrations:

Phonon dispersion and display of TA and TO modes in 1D (excellent java app)

Simulations of phonons, geared toward 3D and nanocrystals, with lots of helpful background

Phonon dispersion in various crystals

Phonon density of states via "debye"

Phonon dispersion and DOS of diamond, BC8, & ST12

Pedagogical article on Grueneisen constant in 1D model

Einstein, Debye, & Grueneisen models, Mathematica notebook debye.nb (J.J. Kelly, Statistical Physics Courseware)

Note on Mössbauer spectroscopy

Localized modes of anharmonic chain

Tutorial on Raman scattering

For the ambitious: OpenPhonon: an open source computer code for lattice-dynamical calculations

Poster on multiferroics

Conductivity:

Random walk applet, along with elementary discussion of diffusion

Fermi gases:

Statistical mechanics of ideal fermi gas, Mathematica notebook fermi.nb (J.J. Kelly, Statistical Physics Courseware)

Electronic band structure:

Kronig-Penney applet (includes wavefunctions, elegant but slow download) and another (also plots effective mass) and yet another (nice controls, so-so graphics) and an excellent site, newly discovered

Nice site on periodic potentials, with java applet for venerable Kronig-Penney model (This site is in Spanish, but the physics is readily understandable. Or you can translate it using Babel Fish.)

Database of Fermi surfaces of elemental metals (stunning graphics, very informative)

Density of states in free-electron and tight-binding models

Wrapping carbon nanotubes

Tutorial on nanotubes & graphene bandstructure, with nice pictures (Schönenberger)

Rather clear picture of wrapping

Crystal tutorial project, example of options in modern calculations

Electrons in external fields:

Landau levels

Semiconductors:

Extensive collection of applets about semiconductors (U. of Buffalo)

Conductivity: dependencies for Si, Ge, diamond

Britney Spears's Guide to Semiconductor Physics (ghost written, d'uh!)

Formation of pn junction and its band diagram

Diffusion, drift, recombination: java applet on Haynes-Shockley exp't

Principles of Semiconductor Devices, free webtext by Bart van Zeghbroeck

Tight Binding Programs for Computing the Band Structure of Semiconductors

Electrons, including electron-electron interactions:

Hartree-Fock applet for atoms

Thomas-Fermi atom (download may be problematic)

Spin systems:

Paramagnetism of spin-1/2 systems, Mathematica notebook spin-half.nb (J.J. Kelly, Statistical Physics Courseware)

Thermodynamics of paramagnetism, Mathematica notebook paramag.nb (J.J. Kelly, Statistical Physics Courseware)

Spin waves, illustration

Phase transitions:

Broken symmetry and order parameters (by J. Sethna)

Hysteresis (by J. Sethna)

Java hysteresis simulation

Mean field model of ferromagnetism, Mathematica notebook Weiss.nb (J.J. Kelly, Statistical Physics Courseware)

Melting of metal--crude animation

Real-space Structural Probes:

XPS (x-ray photoemission spectroscopy), inc. "universal curve" (U. of Nottingham)

Surface science techniques, once an outstanding compendium, now many broken links

Grant Bunker's tutorial documents on X-ray absorption fine-structure techniques

Newville's fundamentals of EXAFS, too much info but great figures!

Daresbury overview of EXAFS, inc. link to curved-wave theory

LEED tutorial

STM tutorial (by T-W Hui, U. of Guelph)

STM tutorial, another

Other scanning probes

Beautiful STM images courtesy of IBM

LEEM tutorial

Principle of field emission microscope

Field ion & field emission micrographs

Advanced topics:

An Introduction to Solid State Many-Body Theory (Univ. of Exeter)

[Fermi and] Non-Fermi Liquids [A. J. Schofield, Contemporary Physics 40, 95 (1999)] (or download from Schofield's publication page)

Last updated Nov. 27, 2007